Dropbox Sign 國際電子簽章合法性指南
電子簽章在全球各地都獲認可具有法律約束力。透過本指南進一步瞭解電子簽章在全球各國家/地區的合法性。
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Overview of eSignature Legality in Norway
Norway has access to the EU’s single market because of the European Economic Area (EEA) agreement signed in 1992 and follows eIDAS, the legal framework that recognizes eSignatures as legally valid in the EU.
eIDAS applied to Norway in 2016 and states that “An electronic signature shall not be denied legal effect and admissibility as evidence in legal proceedings solely on the grounds that it is in an electronic form or that it does not meet the requirements for qualified electronic signatures.” Following the eIDAS regulation, eSignatures are now legally valid in all EU member states.
Electronic Signature Law
Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (the “eIDAS Regulation”)
Are eSignatures legal, admissible, and enforceable?
Yes.
Summary of Law
The eIDAS regulation defines three types of eSignature (SES, AES, QES) and is a new regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the European Single Market. It establishes a legal framework for people, companies (in particular small to mid-size enterprises) and public administrations to safely access services and execute transactions digitally across all the EU member states.
eIDAS entered into force on 17 September 2014 and applied from 1 July 2016. It repealed and replaced the Electronic Signatures Directive 1999/93/EC, a European Union directive on the use of eSignatures in electronic contracts within the EU.
標準電子簽章
標準電子簽章 (SES) 是實際存在的電子資料，以邏輯方式連接到其他電子資料 (例如文件)，由該電子資料的簽約者用於簽署文件。密碼、PIN 碼和掃描的簽名等多種電子工具，都可以視為 SES。
進階電子簽章
進階電子簽章 (AES) 必須確保該簽名唯連結至簽署者，且能夠識別其身分。必須使用電子簽名建立資料來建立此簽章，而簽署者能以高層級的機密度，在單獨控制下使用該資料。
合格電子簽章
A qualified electronic signature (QES) is a stricter form of AES and the only signature type given the same legal value as handwritten signatures. It is an advanced electronic signature with a qualified digital certificate that has been created by a qualified signature creation device (QSCD). The QSCD has to be issued by a qualified EU Trust Service Provider (TSP) on the European Union Trust List (EUTL.)
關鍵限制
雖然法律並未排除特定種類的協議，但遺囑、法院文件和土地所有權狀等特定種類的協議，在作業上可能還是需要透過書面方式進行。
免責聲明：此資訊僅適用於一般資訊目的，且旨在協助公司瞭解用於電子簽章合法性的法律架構，而非提供法律建議，也不能替代專業法律建議。欲取得法律建議或代理，請諮詢持有執照的律師。
